9
June
2022

Keynesian economics /

Keynesiánská ekonomie

Business Term of the Day

Definition

This theory, conceived by John Maynard Keynes, states that aggregate demand within an economy drives its output and inflation.

Example sentence

During the most recent economic crisis, many experts have called for Keynesian economic measures.

Comment

As opposed to the older classical economics, Keynes argued that state interventions, namely increasing aggregate demand, are able to improve the efficiency of the economy and thereby improve employment and end deflation in a period of economic downturn. More generally, Keynesians advocate counter-cyclical policies, arguing that the state should spend more (even to the point of budget deficit) in times of economic contractions but increase tax revenues during expansions. These (and other) macroeconomic ideas were later expanded also to microeconomics with new Keynesian economics.

Definice

Tato teorie, vytvořená Johnem Maynardem Keynesem, tvrdí, že agregátní poptávka dané ekonomiky pohání její výkon a inflaci.

Příklad použití ve větě

Během poslední ekonomické krize mnoho expertů požadovalo keynesiánské ekonomické zásahy.

Poznámka

Oproti starší klasické ekonomii Keynes tvrdil, že zásahy státu, především zvýšení agregátní poptávky, mohou zvýšit efektivitu ekonomiky a tím zlepšit zaměstnanost a ukončit deflaci v obdobích ekonomických poklesů. Obecněji, keynesiánci prosazují proticyklická opatření a tvrdí, že stát by měl utrácet více (i za cenou rozpočtového deficitu) během poklesů ekonomiky, ale zvyšovat výnosy z daní během hospodářské expanze. Tyto (a další) makroekonomické myšlenky byly později rozvinuty do mikroekonomie v neokeynesiánské ekonomii.

Business Term of the Day

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